Getting Started with I2C

Background

DS3231 Module

DS3231: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ds3231.pdf
The time (and temperature), are accessed via 19 byte-wide registers, see Address Map on page 11.

AT24C32: https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/devicedoc/doc0336.pdf
This 32Kbit EEPROM (4096 x 8), will hold 4096 bytes of data.

References:
https://www.ti.com/lit/an/sbaa565/sbaa565.pdf
https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ds3231.pdf
https://www.arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/Arduino_Uno_Rev3-schematic.pdf